The Great River Danube in Hungary
The great River Danube, also known in older writings as the Dambius or Ister, flows across the whole of Hungary. No other province enjoys...
The River Sava and Its Long Course
On the same southern side of Hungary flows the noble River Sava, also known in older writings as the Savus. This important river rises...
Shops and Commerce in Athens
Athens has several fine shops, particularly in the newer parts of the city. These shops are modern and well-stocked, and they can easily compare...
Milk Delivery in Athens
In Athens, both goats and cows are driven into town every morning and milked at the doors of their customers. This is not a...
Farming Near Athens
It is surprising that, despite large areas of unused land, the fields around Athens do not produce enough vegetables to meet local demand. The...
The Confusion Over the Gate’s Name
Historians do not agree about the true name of a certain entrance in the walls of Constantinople. Some believe that this gate is the...
The Golden Gate and the Changing Fortunes of the Byzantine Empire
The Golden Gate of Constantinople played an important role in the city's military and political history. This gate was not only a symbol of...
Ceremonial Uses of the Golden Gate
The Golden Gate (Porta Aurea) of Constantinople was not just a part of the city’s strong fortifications—it also served as the main ceremonial entrance...
European Influence in the Ottoman Imperial Harem
Introduction to Cultural Change
By the late 19th century, the Ottoman Imperial Harem had undergone dramatic changes from its traditional roots. What was once a...
Life of the Sultanas
Women in the Ottoman Imperial Harem
What Were Sultanas?
The women who lived in the Ottoman Imperial Harem were called sultanas. This title applied to all...
