On the same southern side of Hungary flows the noble River Sava, also known in older writings as the Savus. This important river rises in the region of Carinthia and travels a long distance before joining the Danube at Belgrade. Its course extends for nearly three hundred miles. Along the way, it grows larger by receiving many strong and useful rivers.
When I observed the Sava near Carnodunum, also called Crainburg, a fine and well-built town not far from its source, it already appeared as a considerable stream. As it continues its journey, the river becomes much wider and deeper. In several places, it contains notable islands, which add to its beauty and importance Smaller Rivers of Hungary.
Islands and Ancient Towns Along the Sava
Among the most remarkable islands in the Sava are Metubaris, located to the west of the ancient city of Sirmium, and the island of Segestica, also known as Sisak, near the town of Zagreb. In earlier times, this island contained a strong and famous settlement. The Romans valued this location greatly.
The ancient Romans used the Sava as a key trade route. Goods were transported from Aquileia and then carried by land to Ljubljana, formerly known as Labach or Nauportus. From there, supplies were moved down the river to Segestica and beyond. These routes supported Roman provinces, military garrisons, and troops stationed throughout the region.
The Land Between the Drava and the Sava
Between the two great rivers, the Drava and the Sava, lies a wide and fertile land. This region stretches for a great distance and is rich in natural resources. It is known as an interfluvial country, meaning land between two rivers.
This area also holds historical importance. It was here that Suleiman the Magnificent chose a safe place to rest his army on his march toward Belgrade. At that time, he commanded nearly four hundred thousand men and planned to attack Vienna. However, he avoided meeting the forces of Emperor Charles V, who were then camped in defense of the city Tours Sofia.
Northern Rivers from the Carpathian Mountains
In the northern parts of Hungary, many rivers rise from the Carpathian Mountains. These mountains form a natural boundary between Poland and Hungary. Among these rivers, the Gran is especially important. It flows into the Danube opposite the city of Esztergom, once called Strigonium or Gran.
Another great river of the north is the Waag, also known as the Vagus. It joins the Danube above the town of Komárno. The writer Stuckim, who witnessed it personally, believed this river to be equal in size and strength to the River Po in Italy.
Bridges, Baths, and Mineral Waters
From my own observation, the Waag is indeed a very large river. At Freistadt, more than fifty miles before it reaches the Danube, it is already wide and powerful. A long bridge crosses it at this point, though part of it was destroyed by ice during the same year I visited the area.
Farther upstream, closer to its source, another strong bridge stands near Trenčín. This is a fine and well-known town that gives its name to the surrounding region. Many people visit Trenčín for its hot baths and mineral waters. The town is blessed with no fewer than thirty-two natural springs, which are believed to have healing properties.
These rivers and lands show the richness and strength of Hungary’s natural geography. They supported trade, travel, and military movement for centuries. Together, they form one of the most important river systems in Europe.
